Blackheads and large pores are common skincare concerns that many people struggle to manage. Blackheads are a type of clogged pore, formed when oil and dead skin cells build up and get oxidised by air, creating dark spots on the skin’s surface. Large pores can make skin texture appear uneven and prone to additional clogs. Dr. Tom Goyer, a skincare expert in Sydney, shares his top tips on how to effectively reduce blackheads and minimise the appearance of pores, giving you smoother, clearer skin.
What Causes Blackheads and Large Pores?
Blackheads and enlarged pores can result from various factors, including genetics, excess oil production, and improper cleansing. While you can’t change the size of your pores permanently, there are ways to keep them clear and make them appear smaller. Following a consistent skincare routine that targets oil control, exfoliation, and hydration can help keep your skin clear and smooth.
1. Cleanse Daily with a Gentle, Pore-Clearing Cleanser
Cleansing is essential for keeping your pores clear of dirt, oil, and impurities that contribute to blackheads. Choose a gentle cleanser that contains ingredients specifically designed to help dissolve excess oil and impurities without drying out your skin.
- Best Ingredients for Pore-Clearing Cleansers: Salicylic acid (BHA) is effective in breaking down oil and debris within pores, helping to prevent clogs and blackheads.
Tip: Use a gentle, salicylic acid-based cleanser in the evening to remove makeup, sunscreen, and dirt that has accumulated during the day.
2. Exfoliate Regularly to Prevent Clogs
Exfoliation helps remove dead skin cells and prevents them from building up and clogging pores. Chemical exfoliants, like AHAs (alpha hydroxy acids) and BHAs (beta hydroxy acids), are particularly effective for treating blackheads because they penetrate deeper than physical scrubs, which can be too abrasive.
- Best Exfoliants for Blackheads and Large Pores: Salicylic acid (BHA) penetrates pores and breaks down oil, while glycolic acid (AHA) exfoliates the skin surface for a smoother appearance.
Tip: Exfoliate 2-3 times a week, depending on your skin type and tolerance. Over-exfoliation can irritate the skin, so monitor how your skin responds.
3. Try Clay Masks for Deep Cleansing
Clay masks are fantastic for drawing out impurities from the skin and absorbing excess oil. They can be used as a weekly treatment to help clear pores, prevent blackheads, and make your skin appear smoother.
- Types of Clay for Different Skin Types: Bentonite and kaolin clay are popular for oily skin because they help absorb oil without drying out the skin completely.
Tip: Apply a clay mask once a week to clean, dry skin and let it sit for 10-15 minutes. Rinse off with warm water and follow up with a moisturiser to keep your skin hydrated.
4. Use Retinoids to Boost Cell Turnover
Retinoids, derivatives of Vitamin A, are powerful ingredients for reducing blackheads and minimising the appearance of pores. They work by increasing cell turnover, which helps prevent clogs and keeps pores clear. Retinoids also stimulate collagen production, which can make pores appear smaller over time.
- How to Use Retinoids: Start with a low concentration of retinol if you’re new to retinoids, applying it 2-3 times per week at night.
Tip: Retinoids can make your skin more sensitive to the sun, so always use sunscreen during the day to protect your skin from UV damage.
5. Don’t Forget Moisturiser
Even if you have oily or acne-prone skin, moisturising is essential to maintain a healthy skin barrier and prevent your skin from overproducing oil. A light, non-comedogenic moisturiser hydrates your skin without clogging pores or causing more blackheads.
- Best Moisturisers for Blackhead-Prone Skin: Look for gel-based, oil-free moisturisers that contain hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid or glycerin.
Tip: Apply moisturiser after cleansing and exfoliating to keep your skin balanced and prevent dryness, which can lead to more oil production.
6. Use Niacinamide to Regulate Oil Production
Niacinamide, or Vitamin B3, is an excellent ingredient for managing oily skin and minimising the appearance of pores. It helps regulate sebum production, reduce redness, and improve the skin’s texture.
- How to Use Niacinamide: Apply a niacinamide serum in the morning or evening, after cleansing and before moisturiser.
Tip: Niacinamide is gentle and can be used alongside other active ingredients, making it versatile for all skin types.
7. Avoid Squeezing or Picking at Blackheads
As tempting as it may be, squeezing or picking at blackheads can lead to irritation, scarring, and even more visible pores. Picking can push bacteria deeper into the skin, leading to breakouts and further damage.
Tip: Use pore strips sparingly if you need a quick fix, but avoid using them too often as they can damage the skin and cause irritation. Opt for gentle extraction by a professional if necessary.
8. Protect Your Skin from the Sun
Sun exposure can break down collagen in your skin, which may enlarge pores and make blackheads more prominent. Sun protection is essential for maintaining smooth skin texture and preventing premature aging.
- Choose a Sunscreen for Oily Skin: Use a broad-spectrum, non-comedogenic sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Sunscreens containing zinc oxide are often suitable for oily or blackhead-prone skin.
Tip: Apply sunscreen every morning, even on cloudy days, to protect your skin from UV rays.
9. Consider Professional Treatments for Stubborn Blackheads and Large Pores
If blackheads and large pores persist despite your skincare efforts, professional treatments can help. Dermatologists offer various treatments that target these concerns at a deeper level.
- Chemical Peels: Chemical peels using glycolic or salicylic acid help exfoliate dead skin cells and reduce clogged pores.
- Microneedling: Microneedling can improve skin texture and help stimulate collagen production, which minimises the appearance of pores.
- Laser Therapy: Certain laser treatments target enlarged pores and improve skin texture for a smoother complexion.
Tip: Consult with a dermatologist to determine which treatment is best for your skin type and concerns.
Managing blackheads and minimising pores requires a consistent, balanced approach that focuses on cleansing, exfoliating, and hydrating. By choosing the right ingredients and sticking to a regular routine, you can keep your pores clear and reduce the appearance of blackheads for smoother, healthier-looking skin. For personalised advice on caring for your skin, Dr Tom Goyer is here to help. For more expert insights, visit Dr Tom Goyer’s blog.